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Monday, May 12, 2014
Monday, May 5, 2014
What I’ve learned since moving to D.C. (some of which should be obvious): 0058
2851. The better we feel about workplace
relationships, the more effective we will be.
A study of over 350 employees in 60 business units at a financial
services company found that the greatest predictor of a team’s achievement was
how the members felt about one another;
2852. Studies show that the more team members are
encouraged to socialize and interact face-to-face, the more engaged they feel,
the more energy they have, and the longer they can stay focused on a task;
2853. To make a difference to work performance and
job satisfaction, social contact need not always be deep to be effective. Organizational psychologists have found that
even brief encounters can form “high-quality connections,” which fuel openness,
energy, and authenticity among coworkers, and in turn lead to a whole host of
measurable, tangible gains in performance;
2854. Any point of contact with another person can
potentially be a high-quality connection.
One conversation, one e-mail exchange, one moment of connecting in a
meeting can infuse both participants with a greater sense of vitality, giving
them a bounce in their steps and a greater capacity to act;
2855. A team of British researchers decided to
follow a group of employees who worked for two different supervisors on
alternate days – one they had good rapport with, and one they didn’t. On the days the dreaded boss worked, their
average blood pressure shot up;
2856. A 15-year study found that employees who had
a difficult relationship with their boss were 30 percent more likely to suffer
from coronary heart disease;
2857. Studies have found that the strength of the
bond between manager and employee is the prime predictor of both daily
productivity and the length of time people stay at their jobs;
2858. Gallup, which has spent decades studying the
practices of the world’s leading organizations, estimates that U.S. companies
lose $360 billion each year due to lost productivity from employees who have
poor relationships with their supervisor;
2859. When Gallup asked ten million employees
around the world if they could agree or disagree with the following statement:
“My supervisor, or someone at work, seems to care about me as a person,” those
who agreed were found to be more productive, contributed to more profits, and
were significantly more likely to stay with their company long-term;
2860. Neuroscience has revealed that when we make
eye contact with someone, it actually sends a signal to the brain that triggers
empathy and rapport;
2861. An important part of maintaining a social
bond is being there, both physically and emotionally, when someone is in need;
2862. How we support people during good
times, more than bad times, affects the quality of a relationship;
2863. Sharing upbeat news with someone is called
“capitalization,” and it helps multiply the benefits of the positive event as
well as strengthens the bond between the two people involved. They key to gaining these benefits is how
you respond to someone’s good news;
2864. Shelly Gable, a leading psychologist at the
University of California, has found that there are four different types of
responses we can give to someone’s good news, and only one of them contributes
positively to the relationship. The
winning response is both active and constructive; it offers enthusiastic
support, as well as specific comments and follow-up questions (That’s
wonderful! I’m glad your boss noticed
how hard you’ve been working. When does
your promotion go into effect?”);
2865. Passive responses to good news (“That’s
nice.”) can be just as harmful to the relationship as blatantly negative ones
(“You got the promotion? I’m surprised
they didn’t give it to Sally, she seems more suited to the job.”);
2866. The most destructive response to good news is
ignoring the news entirely (“Have you seen my keys?”);
2867. Gable’s studies have shown that
active-constructive responding enhances relationship commitment and
satisfaction, and fuels the degree to which people feel understood, validated,
and cared for during a discussion;
2868. Building strong social capital does not
require that all colleagues become best friends or even that everyone like one
another all the time. What does matter
is that there be mutual respect and authenticity. Coercing employees into awkward icebreakers
or forced bonding activities, like making everyone at a meeting share something
about their private lives, only breeds disconnection and mistrust. Better that these moments happen organically
– which they will if the environment is right.
The best leaders give their employees the space and time to let moments
of social connection develop on their own.
So the more physical spaces available to publicly commune, the better;
2869. Even the classically boring meeting can be
designed in a way to foster high-quality connections. Meeting practices that encourage member
contribution and active listening foster group commitment;
2870. We can promote social connection at work just
by using language that implies a common purpose and interdependence;
2871. Forging a connection requires active
listening – giving someone your full attention and also allowing them to have
their say. Many people listen as if
waiting for an opportunity to make their own point. Instead, focus on the speaker and their
opinion, and then ask interested questions to learn more;
2872. Studies have shown that gratitude sparks an
upward spiral of relationship growth where each individual feels motivated to
strengthen the bond;
2873. Mirror neurons are specialized brain cells
that can actually sense and then mimic the feelings, actions, and physical
sensations of another person. A person
is pricked by a needle. The neurons in
the pain center of his or her brain will immediately light up, which should
come as no surprise. But what is a
surprise is that when that same person sees someone else receive a
needle prick, this same set of neurons lights up, just as though he himself had
been pricked;
2874. Mirror neurons are often right next to motor
neurons in the brain, copied feelings often lead to copied actions;
2875. Thanks to these same mirror neurons, our
emotions are enormously contagious;
2876. The amygdala can read and identify an emotion
in another person’s face within 33 milliseconds, and then just as quickly prime
us to feel the same;
2877. Studies have shown that when three strangers
meet in a room, the most emotionally expressive person transmits his or her
mood to the others within just two minutes;
2878. When we feel anxious or adopt an overtly
negative mindset, these feelings will start to seep into every interaction we
have, whether we like it or not;
2879. Emotions are so shared, organizational
psychologists have found that each workplace develops its own group emotion, or
“group affective tone,” which over time creates shared “emotion norms” that are
proliferated and reinforced by the behavior, both verbal and nonverbal, of the
employees;
2880. Positive emotions are also contagious;
2881. Positive emotional contagion starts when
people subconsciously mimic the body language, tone of voice, and facial
expressions of those around them. Once
people mimic the physical behaviors tied to these emotions, it causes them to
feel the emotion themselves;
2882. Smiling tricks your brain into thinking
you’re happy, so it starts producing the neurochemicals that actually do make
you happy;
2883. While authentic positivity will always trump
its faux counterpart, there is significant evidence that changing your behavior
first – even your facial expression and posture – can dictate emotional change;
2884. The happier everyone is around you, the
happier you will become;
2885. The happier we are at work, the more
positivity we transmit to our colleagues, teammates, and clients, which can
eventually tip the emotion of an entire work team;
2886. The more genuinely expressive someone is, the
more their mindset and feelings spread;
2887. The stronger your social connections, the
more influence you wield;
2888. Workers in rapport think more creatively and
efficiently, and teams in rapport perform at higher levels – their thoughts are
attuned and their brains are in effect working as one;
2889. One study of Dartmouth College students by
economist Bruce Sacerdote found that when students with low grade-point
averages simply began rooming with higher-scoring students, their grade-point
averages increased. These students,
according to the researchers, “appeared to infect each other with good and bad
study habits – such that a roommate with a high grade-point average would drag
upward the G.P.A. of his low-scoring roommate;”
2890. One way to build rapport, and therefore
extend this influence, is with eye contact;
2891. Studies show that rapport strengthens between
two people when they lock eyes, proving that the old business wisdom about
always looking people in the eye is scientifically sound advice;
2892. Orgasms are stronger when we look into our
partner’s eyes;
2893. Eye contact tells our mirror neurons to fire,
and when they do, the result is better performance, whether we’re in the
boardroom or in the bedroom;
2894. Studies have found that when leaders are in a
positive mood, their employees are more likely to be in a positive mood
themselves, to exhibit prosocial helping behaviors toward one another, and to
coordinate tasks more efficiently and with less effort;
2895. CEOs who are rated high on scales of positive
expression are more likely to have employees who report being happy, and who
describe their workplace as a climate conducive to performance;
2896. Studies of sports teams have found not only
that one happy player was enough to infect the mood of the entire team, but
also that the happier the team was, the better they played;
2897. Researchers found that the plant sugars that
are fermented to give tequila its kick raise levels of a hormone in your gut
that tells the brain it’s time to stop eating.
The hormone also keeps food in the stomach for longer, which prolongs
the feeling of fullness. And on top of
all this, sugars in tequila known as agavins aren’t processed by the body,
meaning they can’t make us fat;
2898. Cooking with beer is an excellent idea. A beer marinade tenderizes meat and adds
another layer of flavor, but a new study finds a beer marinade might also help
combat nasty substances and help keep you healthy. The findings, which appear in an issue of the
“Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,” suggest that marinating meat in
beer helps reduce the eventual formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(“PAHs”) on your dinner. PAHs are “a
group of chemicals that occur naturally in coal, crude oil and gasoline.” They’re associated with cancers in laboratory
animals and found in cigarette smoke.
PAHs can also form on meat when it’s cooked at very high temperatures,
such as on a backyard grill. Marinating
meat in beer can help guard against the formation of PAHs. Researchers tested three pork samples that
they had marinated for four hours in different beers—a Pilsner, a non-alcoholic
Pilsner, and a black beer—and subsequently cooked over a hot charcoal
grill. They found that black beer most
successfully inhibited the development of PAHs, but that all three demonstrated
a positive effect against the substance;
2899. Lincoln was a (former) railroad attorney;
2900. I hate it when people talk at the
movies. It’s selfish and
inconsiderate. They’re only thinking
about themselves and they don’t care about anybody else who paid to see the
movie. . . . Even if I can’t make out what they’re saying, the chatter is so
distracting that I can’t follow the movie;
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